A Paris police order from 1800 required any woman wishing to 'dress as a man' to obtain permission. Relaxed in 1892 and 1909 for women holding bicycle handlebars or a horse's reins, it had long fallen into disuse but was never formally repealed. In January 2013, a ministerial answer published in France's official journal declared it incompatible with equality between women and men, and therefore implicitly repealed.
That's the estimate from a WHO-led study published in The Lancet in 2024, covering the half-century since the Expanded Programme on Immunization was launched in 1974. It works out to about six lives saved every minute, mostly infants. The measles vaccine alone accounts for around 60% of those lives.
According to the World Gold Council, about 216,000 tonnes of gold have been mined in all of human history. Because gold is so dense (19.3 tonnes per cubic metre), it would fit in a cube about 22 metres on each side, roughly the height of a seven-storey building. Strikingly, about two-thirds of it has been mined since 1950.