In 1919, German physicist Albert Betz proved an unbreakable limit: a wind turbine cannot extract more than 16/27, about 59.3%, of the energy in the wind passing through it. If it took everything, the air would stop dead behind the blades and block the incoming wind. The best modern machines already reach around 45 to 50%, not far from that ceiling.
In 1843, inventor Alexander Bain patented a way to send images over telegraph wires using synchronized pendulums. By the 1860s, a commercial fax service was already linking cities. The telephone wasn't patented until 1876, more than three decades after that first fax patent. The fax is really a child of the telegraph age.
On 8 October 1958, in Stockholm, 43-year-old Arne Larsson received the very first implanted pacemaker. The device, designed by engineer Rune Elmqvist and implanted by surgeon Åke Senning, worked for only a few hours and had to be replaced. Larsson went on to receive more than twenty pacemakers in his lifetime. He died in 2001 aged 86, outliving both the engineer and the surgeon.