People still talk about a 'population explosion', but the trend turned decades ago. The world's population growth rate peaked at just over 2% a year in the 1960s and is now below 1%. Humanity is still growing, but a little more slowly every year: think of a curve that is flattening out, not a rocket taking off.
That's the estimate from a WHO-led study published in The Lancet in 2024, covering the half-century since the Expanded Programme on Immunization was launched in 1974. It works out to about six lives saved every minute, mostly infants. The measles vaccine alone accounts for around 60% of those lives.
According to the World Gold Council, about 216,000 tonnes of gold have been mined in all of human history. Because gold is so dense (19.3 tonnes per cubic metre), it would fit in a cube about 22 metres on each side, roughly the height of a seven-storey building. Strikingly, about two-thirds of it has been mined since 1950.