In 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson picked up a persistent background hiss with a radio antenna, coming from every direction. Suspecting the pigeons nesting inside, they cleaned out the droppings, to no avail. The hiss was in fact the cosmic microwave background, the oldest light in the universe, released about 380,000 years after the Big Bang. The discovery won them the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physics.
In 1843, inventor Alexander Bain patented a way to send images over telegraph wires using synchronized pendulums. By the 1860s, a commercial fax service was already linking cities. The telephone wasn't patented until 1876, more than three decades after that first fax patent. The fax is really a child of the telegraph age.
On 8 October 1958, in Stockholm, 43-year-old Arne Larsson received the very first implanted pacemaker. The device, designed by engineer Rune Elmqvist and implanted by surgeon Åke Senning, worked for only a few hours and had to be replaced. Larsson went on to receive more than twenty pacemakers in his lifetime. He died in 2001 aged 86, outliving both the engineer and the surgeon.