In 1971, Ray Tomlinson sent the first email between two networked computers sitting side by side. To separate the user's name from the machine's, he looked for a symbol never used in names and chose “@”, meaning “at”. The content of that first message? Tomlinson couldn't remember: probably a string of letters like “QWERTYUIOP”.
In 1843, inventor Alexander Bain patented a way to send images over telegraph wires using synchronized pendulums. By the 1860s, a commercial fax service was already linking cities. The telephone wasn't patented until 1876, more than three decades after that first fax patent. The fax is really a child of the telegraph age.
On 8 October 1958, in Stockholm, 43-year-old Arne Larsson received the very first implanted pacemaker. The device, designed by engineer Rune Elmqvist and implanted by surgeon Åke Senning, worked for only a few hours and had to be replaced. Larsson went on to receive more than twenty pacemakers in his lifetime. He died in 2001 aged 86, outliving both the engineer and the surgeon.